WAYS OF FORMING OF PERSONAL SELF-ESTEEM IN ONTOGENESIS

Abstract

The article deals with the psychological phenomenon of the personal self-esteem as a component of moral consciousness from the perspectives of modern theoretical and applied scientific researches. In the article it has been systematizes numerous characteristics of dignity as the most significant moral quality, that integrated the human reality, and considered to be of the highest value. It has been determined how the individual self-esteem is declared to be protected legally by the state (Constitution of Ukraine, Civil Code of Ukraine, and Criminal Code of Ukraine). The recent studies concerning the forming of personal self-esteem in the domestic and the foreign psychological sciences have been analyzed. The main aspects of the display of the personal self-esteem have been defined, in particular: as a psychological phenomenon and as an individual disposition. The main factors that influence the child’s self-esteem, adequate self-appraisal and self-dignity (a family, parents, social environment, etc.) have been determined. Furthermore, the attention was focused on the importance of adults’ influence and the social environment in the process of forming of this psychological construct. The basic stages of the forming of a child’s self-esteem are illustrated on the example of A.Maslow’s pyramid of hierarchy of needs: physiological needs, safety and stability, social needs, self-dignity, self-respect of a personality. The prospects of the further scientific explorations of the formation of the personal self-esteem have been outlined.