A FIVE-STAGE INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF PLAY THERAPY IN DEALING WITH THE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE OF WAR IN CHILDREN

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development and theoretical substantiation of a five-stage integrative model of play therapy aimed at overcoming the consequences of traumatic experience in children affected by military actions. The author proposes a comprehensive approach that combines modern neuroscience achievements, principles of integrative psychology, and practical methods of play therapy. The model is focused on simultaneous work with cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physiological aspects of trauma, which allows for deep integration of traumatic experience and the development of adaptive coping strategies.

A feature of the proposed model is its nonlinear dynamics, which takes into account the individual needs of each child. The central place in the model is occupied by the concept of the child's “I” as an active subject of the therapeutic process. This allows for the creation of personalized therapy trajectories, which is especially important for children with polymodal trauma, which is typical in war.

The model integrates five key components: cognitive, creative, behavioral, volitional, and emotional. Each of them has its own therapeutic mechanisms, such as memory reconsolidation, symbolic transformation of trauma, sensorimotor integration, agency formation, and development of intrinsic motivation. An important aspect is the use of game methods that provide a safe space for the expression of traumatic experiences and reduce the risk of retraumatization.

Particular attention is paid to the creative potential of the game as a means of symbolic transformation of traumatic experience, restoring a sense of security and control, as well as strengthening the child's internal resources. The proposed model is of practical importance for specialists in the field of psychology, psychotherapy and social work, providing a structured approach to the integration of mental processes in the process of working with children who have been traumatized by war.