PSYCHOLOGICAL PREREQUISITES FOR IMPROVING THE ORAL TRANSLATION ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS OF PHILOLOGICAL FACULTY

Abstract

In the article we define oral translation activity as a process of active, purposeful, language-mediated and situationally determined communication between people with the aim of conveying both the content and the meaning. Translation activity appears for us as the ability of the individual to use all the facts about the language. Our concept of speech activity refers to the simultaneous designation of both the process and the result of language use, as well as the designation of social and individual conditions of this use.

We define oral translation activity as a form of active attitude of the subject of the activity (of a student) to a reality, with the aim of achieving a clearly formulated goal (mastery of an oral foreign language and a translation technique). According to this definition, two components are distinguished in the oral translation activity: a cognitive one and operational type of the activity. The cognitive component of oral translation activity includes mechanisms of internal design (or analytical-synthetic phase) of oral translation activity. The operational component includes mechanisms that implement the sequence of actions of the translator within the phases of oral translation activity.

Considering the activity of subjects of the translation activity, it can be assumed that its structure should include a component that will perform the function of initiating the activity of the individual. Thus, in the translation activity, such a component is communicative motivation. It is motivation that is the mechanism of oral translation activity that leads to the state of the activity of other mechanisms that directly implement the translation activity itself.

In the functional-dynamic plan oral translation includes the processes of listening and speaking. Defining interpreting as the activity makes it much more difficult to understand the content of this process, taking it beyond just speaking and listening. Thus, oral translation activity is, in our opinion, a set of speech operations and speech actions on the part of the speaker and the listener, which is caused by certain needs; it sets a certain goal and it is carried out in specific conditions of its implementation.