CORRECTION OF CHILDREN’S FEARS IN PRESCHOOL BY METHODS OF ART-THERAPY

Abstract

It is believed that fears are emotional disturbances or unpleasant experiences. Psychologypedagogical approach to the study of fears can be conventionally called social. In the article it is paying attention first of all to changes in the social situation of the child, on the peculiarities of relationship with the outside world. The content of childhood’s fear is closely linked to the nature of interpersonal sign social relationships and defines the social aspects of the existence of the child. The author submitted the analysis of literary sources on this problem, has shown the existence of fear in children associated with the symbolic structures of consciousness, from mythological thinking - the fear of different mythological characters, which may be a superstructure over all other childish fears and related to the cultural and historical development of society. It is important to remember that art therapy is intended for self-expression of internal experiences, self-knowledge through creativity and enhancement of the adaptive functions of the individual, so the main task will not be to teach a child to draw, but rather use the picture as a projection. In connection with this, there may be a number of problems, one of which is the child's fear of doing something wrong, since it can survive in a timely manner. An important aspect in working with fears is art therapy - it is the participation of parents, they, like no other, should help the child in their struggle with her fears, strive to encourage children to draw, praise and support, even in the smallest attempts. Art therapy also allows you to effect the necessary influence gently and humanely, not only depriving the child of fears, but also contributing to the harmonious personality and mental development. Thus, art therapy as a method of correction of fears in the preschool age should be used to provide psychological assistance to the child.